Lesson13动词（六）
现在完成时 一：现在完成时的定义：
现在完成时主要表示过去发生的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。谓语动词形式为助动词has/have加上动词的过去分词。
二：过去分词的变化规则：
1. 规则动词的变化规则：（规则动词的过去式就是过去分词）
一般动词 -ed work, shout, repeat 以e结尾 直接加d invite, decide, hate; love; hope 以辅+y结尾 变y为i加ed try; hurry, cry 辅元辅重读闭音节结构 双写最后一个字母 stopped, planned, dropped, 2.不规则动词表：
动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 am, is was been give gave given see saw seen are were been go went gone sell sold sold beat beat beat, beaten grow grew grown send sent sent become became become have,has had had set set set begin began begun hear heard heard shake shook shaken blow blew blown hide hid hidden shall should break broke broken hit hit hit shine shone, shined shone, shined bring brought brought hold held held shoot shot shot build built built hurt hurt hurt show showed showed, shown buy bought bought keep kept kept shut shut shut can could know knew known sing sang sung catch caught caught lay laid laid sink sank,sunk sunk choose chose chosen lead led led sit sat sat come came come learn learnt learned learnt learned sleep slept slept 动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 动词 原形 动词 过去式 过去 分词 cost cost cost leave left left smell smelt, smelled smelt smelled cut cut cut lend lent lent speak spoke spoken deal dealt dealt let let let spend spent spent dig dug dug lie lay, lied lain, lied stand stood stood do/does did done lose lost lost steal stole stolen draw drew drawn make made made sweep swept swept dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt may might swim swam swum drink drank drunk mean meant meant take took taken drive drove driven meet met met teach taught taught eat ate eaten mistake mistook mistaken tell told told fall fell fallen oversleep overslept overslept think thought thought feel felt felt pay paid paid throw threw thrown fight fought fought put put put under- stand under- stood under- stood find found found read read read wake woke, waked woken, waked flee fled fled ride rode ridden wear wore worn fly flew flown ring rang rung will would forget forgot forgotten rise rose risen win won won freeze froze frozen run ran run write wrote written get got got, gotten say said said 三：现在完成时的结构：
肯定句：主语+has/have+过去分词+...... 否定句：主语+has/have+not+过去分词+...... 一般疑问句：
Has/Have+主语+过去分词+......? Yes,主语+has/have. No,主语+hasn’t/haven’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+has/have+主语+过去分词+......? 人称 has/have +过去分词 主语是第一人称单数I 时 have+过去分词 主语为第三人称单数 he/she/it/单数名词时 has+过去分词 主语是第二人称单数you时 have+过去分词 主语是各人称复数 we/you/they /复数名词时 have+过去分词 Eg: I have washed my car twice recently. 最近我洗了两次车。
He has done a lot of work for us. 他为我们做了很多工作。
四．现在完成时的用法：
1. 表示在过去发生并已经结束的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。
I have already had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。
We have been to Chengdu recently. 我们最近去过成都了。
2. 表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的动作或状态，也许还会持续下去。
He has lived in London for 5 years. 他在伦敦住5年了。
3. has/have been to..... 去过.....（人已经回来，可以和次数连用）
has/have gone to...... 去了.....(人未回，通常用于第三人称）
I have been to the Great Wall three times. 我去过长城三次了。
--Where is Peter? --He has gone to America. 皮特在哪儿？ 他去美国了。
五．现在完成时的标志词：
1. already 已经 （位于has/have后，用于肯定句中）
yet 已经（位于句末，用于疑问句和否定句中）
2. just 刚刚 ever 曾经 3.for+时间段 for five days for ten months for two hours 4. since +过去的时间点/一般过去时的句子 since 1942 自从1942年 since two hours ago 自从两个小时以前 小升初专项练习—现在完成时 一、翻译下列句子：
1. 你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭。
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。
8.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
9.自从1999年以来他们就认识。
10.我来到这个学校已3年多了。
二、用since和for填空 1. ______two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.______ 1999 5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o’clock 7._______ 4 hours 8._____an hour ago 9.___we were children 10. _____ lunch time 11.____ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him ______ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 三、划线提问 1) I have been there for two days. __________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ? 2) My father has lived here since 2000. _________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 3) He left here yesterday. _________ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago. __________ ___________ they __________ a book ? 四、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island. A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there. A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once. 五、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country. 2) David ________ the park just now. 3) John _______ England since he came back. 4) How long _____ they _____ this village? 5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years. 6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times. 7) I _____ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm. 9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago. 10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before. 11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo. 12) He often _____ swimming. 13) _____ you ______ there last year? 14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter? 六．用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years. 4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.” 七．用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave). 5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there? 6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet? 7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange. 8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book. 9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice. 12. I _________ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday. 14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.
推荐访问: