形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一 一. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的：
(2) 几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：
原 原
级 比较级 最高级 good , well better best bad , ill worse worst many , much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 二． 形容词和副词比较级的用法 级别 比较程度 表达方式和意义 例 例
句 备 备
注 原 级 同 同 等 等 程 程 度 度 肯 肯 定 定 形 形 式 式 As+ 原级+as ( 像…… 一样) Art is as interesting as music. Play as well as you can.
情 情
况 加 加
法 例 例
词 一 一 般 情 况 直接加 -er ; -est all-taller-tallest 以 以 e 结尾的词 加 加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest 以“ 辅音+y” 结尾的词 变 变 y 为 为 i 再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest 以一个辅音字母结尾的词 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest 多音节和部分双音节单词 在词前加 more ; most more delicious most delicious
否 否 定 定 形 形 式 式 not + so (as) +原 原级 级+as ( 不如…… 那样) English is not so difficult as science. She does not study so well as I do.
比 较 级 不同程度 （用于两者比较）
比较级+than ( 比……) Jim is older than Luky. I like pork better than beef. 比较级前面可以加 much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit 等 程度加深 比较级+and+ 比较级 级 （越来越……）
）
The + ， 比较级，the + 比较级 （越……, 越……）
）
He is growing taller and taller. He studies better and better. The more books she reads, the better she understand.
最 高 级 最高程度 （用于三者或三者以上）
The + 最高级+of (in) ( 最……) Spring is the best season of the year. Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略 注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。
例题解析
1. He is ________ friends than I.
A. much more
B. many more
C. very more
D. too more
解析：
后面有可数名词复数时， many 的比较级形式为 many more 修饰。
应选 B.
2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?
A. more developed
B. more developing
C. most developed
D. most developing
解析：
两者比较用比较级， 表示"发达"用 developed, 而 developing 是 "发展中的"
意思
3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.
A. little
B. few
C. fewer
D. less
解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选 C.
4. If you are not free today, come another day __________.
A. too
B. so
C. instead
D. yet
解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead 一般位于句首。应选 C.
5．He can"t tell us ________, I think.
A. important anything
B. anything important
C. important something
D. something important.
解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用 anything 而不是 something. 因此应选 B
6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country.
A. long
B. longer
C. longest
D. the longest
解析："定冠词 the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 " 表示"第几大……" 应选 C.
7. The light in the office wasn"t ________for him to read.
A. enough bright
B. bright enough
C. brightly
D. enough brightly
解析：enough 修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选 B.
8. There was an accident at the corner. ________, the girl wasn"t _________hurt.
A. luckily, badly
B. luck, hardly
C. Lucky, heavily
D. Lucky, strongly
解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词 hurt 也要用副词， 因此选 A.
9. You must keep your eyes _________ when you do eye exercises.
A. close
B. open
C. closed
D., opened
解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。
应选 C.
10. Five days has passed , but I haven"t finished half of the work. ________,
A. already
B. still
C. too
D. yet
解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already 常用于肯定句， 而 yet 常用与否定句。应选 D. 三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法 （ （1）
）
和冠词连用
the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物
the ＋ 形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two
a/ an ＋形容词比较级 eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one.
( a) ＋most＋形容词最高级 “非常…” eg. a most beautiful city ( 2 ) 相关结构 1) 原级比较：肯定句
as….as…., 否定句 not so / as….as….. 2) 比较句：
比较级
＋ than…. 或 more (less) ….than….. The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词 that 的用法) 3) 比较级＋
and ＋比较级
或
more and more ＋比较级
“ 越来越 … ” richer and richer, more and more interesting 4) The more….., the more…..“ 越 … ，
越 …” The more you look at the picture, the better you
will like it. 5)
比较级
＋ than
any other ＋ n. （单）
（适用于范围一致时）
(all) other ＋ n. （复）
any ＋ n.( 单 )
（适用于范围不一致时）
He is taller than
any other student / all other students in his class.
any student in my class. 6) 倍数表达法。
A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. 用 times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用 twice 或 double. The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
7) more…than… 结构，其意往往是 …rather than… ，可译为 “ 是 …… 而不是 ……” 或颠倒词序译作 “ 与其说是 …… ，不如说是 ……” 。
That little girl is more tired than hungry.
那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。
She is more a mother than a wife 或 She is more of a mother than a wife. 她是贤妻，更是良母。
8) A is to B what C is to D
A 和 B 的关系就像 C 和 D 的关系
Air is to man what water is to fish. 空气 对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。
9) no more than= only
“ 只不过 ” ，言其少
not more than=at most
“不多于”，“至少”，指事实。
no more …than… 和…一样不…
如单音节使用比较级形式
not more…than…
不比…更…
no less than= as much as
“多达”
no fewer than= as many as 例：
I have no more than five yuan in my pocket.
我口袋里的钱只不过 5 元。
I have not more than five yuan in my pocket.
我口袋里的钱不多于 5 元。
He is no richer than I.他和我一样穷。
He is no less determined than you.
他的决心不亚于你。
(no less determined than 等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)
He is not less determined than you.
他的决心不比你小。
(not less determined than 等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义)
10) 最高级＋ of/ in/ among….
He is the tallest of the three/ among them/ in is class. 四． 相关词语辨析 1.very 和 much
A）very 修饰形容词、副词的原级；much 修饰比较级；修饰动词用 much 或 very much , eg. I very like English.(×),因改为：I like English very much. B) 表示状态的过去分词前用 very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情况下，以-ed 结尾的分词多用 much、very much / greatly 等修饰。
如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom..
C) 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用 very。
如：very interesting / worrying / exciting
D）too 前用 much/ far ,不用 very。
You are much / far / a lot too nice. 另外，在 too many
/ much, too few / little 前用 far。
We’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.
E)还有修饰词既不用 very,也不用 much.
eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree 2. so 和 such A)so … that … 与 such … that … 的区别。
so +
形容词 / 副词 +
that …
so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that …
so + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that …
such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that … such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that … 注意：
但当 little 表示 “ 小 ” 时用 such 。
如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress t hemselves. 下列 so 的用法是错误的：
so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。
B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word 3.
be too much + n.
be much too+ adj.
be too much for sb. 对 … 太过分了
4.
can’t be too +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enough “ 无论 … 都不为过 ”
You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。
1．aloud
adv．出声地(使别人能听得到) Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English． 朗读是学英语的一个好方法。
▲loud
adj. 大声的，声音洪亮的，loud—louder—loudest
He talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him．
他说话声音很大以便于每个人都能听得到他。
▲adv. loud—louder—loudest Don’t talk so loud．The kids are reading． 说话小声些，孩子们正在看书。
(Speak)louder，please!
请再说高一些!
▲loudly
adv 吵吵闹闹地，噪声地 I heard someone knocked loudly at the door． 我听到有人在使劲敲门。
They are talking loudly in the next room． 他们在隔壁说话声很大。
2．voice
n．噪音，鸟鸣声 She has a sweet voice． 她声音很甜美。
She raised her voice so that she could be heard．
她提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。
He lost his voice．／He had no voice because of the cough．
因为咳嗽，他失声了。
▲noise
n 噪音，吵闹 Don’t make so much noise． 别弄出那么大的噪音。
I heard a strange noise outside． 我听到外边奇怪的声音。
▲sound
n．(自然界中的)声音，响声 Sound travels slower than light． 声音的传播比光慢。
3．memory
n．(计算机的)储存器
A lot of information is stored in the memory．
计算机的储存器能储存很多信息。
▲n．记忆力
He has a poor memory after the car accident．
车祸后他的记忆力很差了。
▲n.
回忆，怀念
I have a pleasant memory of my childhood．
我对童年有美好的回忆。
▲memorize／memorise
vt. 记住，背过
He can memorize new words very quickly． 他能很快记住很多单词。
4. frustrate
vt．使失望，使沮丧 The serious illness frustrated his dream for college． 他上大学的梦想遭受挫折。
▲frustrating
adj. 令人失望的 What he said is frustrating.
他所说的话很令人失望。
She finds it frustrating to watch English movies． 她觉得看英语电影很令人失望(因为看不懂)。
▲frustrated
adj. 失望的，沮丧的 He was frustrated when he failed again in the test．
当他再次考试没及格后，他很失望。
5．add
vt.
增加，加 She tasted the soup and added more salt． 她尝了尝汤，又加了些盐。
▲add to
增添 His coming added to our trouble． 他的到来给我们添了很多麻烦。
▲add up to
总计达……，加起来……
The number of the students in our class adds up to 55．
我们班上学生的数目加起来是 55 人。
▲vt.
补充说，又说
He said goodbye to us and added that he ...